Exam- how to improve

Audience question-

• Use theories and be specific with what i written down on what audience. 
• use age groups to be more detailed.

Representation-

Within my representation question i didn't use enough detail within my answer. I didn't point out things like the lightening the camera angle and then back up my interpretations. Instead of trying to include many different videos i should of just focused on two completely different one's. Also i was to descriptive which then didn't engage with representation which i needed to do.

Revision and study-

• Write down what my example is and what they do to show representation, gender ect
• Plan what to revise and stick to it
• Understand terminology 

Coursework-

Come and collect report and improve from it

My CD covers

Exam Revision

Question 1

(40 marks)

This question will be a Textual Analysis oB f Print based material.

You should revise how to analyse Film Posters and Magazine Covers.

Be Familiar with the words and meanings of VISUAL CODES, LAYOUT AND DESIGN, LANGUAGE AND MODE OF ADDRESS.

Visual Codes-

•  Clothing and physical appearance 
• gesture and body language
• facial expressions 
• settings
• use of colour 
• any use of graphics
• denotation/connotation (what its associated represented) 
• intertextuality ( taking one text and referencing it in another) 

Layout and design

• masthead
• cover lines (puffs)
• dateline
• main image
• main coverline 
• barcode

mode of address-

whether something is formal or informal. For example, a kids TV show will be presented informally, whereas the six o'clock news will be presented formally  

Language-

this term refers to the style of language used when addressing a particular audience largely depending on its age and educational level: for example the language used in THE SUN is more simple and colloquial than used in THE DAILY TELEGRAPH.

Question 2

(one 10 mark question and one 20 mark question)

This question will deal with Audience.

You should revise the different types of Audience based on AGE, GENDER, RACE, REGION, SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS.

You should also revise USES AND GRATIFICATIONS theory.

Audience there are two types. Mass and Niche. A mass audience are large audience which are usually for tv shows like eastenders or premiership football match. Niche  are much smaller audiences they are usually dedicated and very loyal. Example BBC four. 

Question 3

(30 marks)

This question will deal with representation of GENDER. 

You should revise and find strong case studies of GENDER representation in the media today. Chooses a variety of examples from PRINT (newspapers, magazines etc) VISUAL (Television programs, Films, Music Videos and Advertisements)

You should use THREE good examples and be as detailed as possible.

KATY PERRY- Music videos

             Sexualised throughout all of her videos, her first video was I kissed a girl and the name is very explicit itself. The video involves half naked girls dancing around Katy. To me this shows desperation of becoming famous. Katy’s family is very religious so by saying she kissed a girl doesn’t show any respect to herself or her family.

             California Gurls- another hit by Katy Perry but the video to go with the song is just pathetic. The representation she gives to her fans and a younger audience is diabolical. Her video is being played like a game. Also she gets naked and lies on a candy floss cloud. To me this shows desperation. Not only does she get naked she wears inappropriate outfits which squirts cream out of her bra. It gives the representation of women a bad and desperate vibe. Even though Katy Perry isn’t the only one doing this it’s not like she has ever changed. Artists like Rhianna and Miley Cyrus in my opinion have been inspired to be this to become a bigger and more well know artist.

             Part of me- She isn’t getting naked in this video but what she does is influence by a man. Which gives not only the representation of a pushover but weak by how she only did what she did because she got cheated on. It shows she can’t make that decision by herself. Even in this video it like Katy jumps at any chance for the world to see her body. In part of me it shows when she’s getting changed which in my opinion you could do without. In my opinion it shows the army like a joke because she only did it because of a man and she keeps referring to him. The representation here is like I have said weakness and that a women can’t function without a man.

 These two videos are totally different but still have the same in sight by how women are treated in the music industry. Katy perry is portrayed as a sex object throughout any video or song. Women these days are the complete opposite of a domestic housewife. The representation of women are sexualise objects only to entertain and please the male audience. 

Lead character from the top 67 films of 2012

55 of the lead characters were male only twelve were female

• Men are seen as the protectors, the saviors, the breadwinners, and the know-alls.
• In the few movies where we see strong lead female characters, we also see them having the support of at least one male who is involved in their situation in some way where the female ends up needing their help
• We very rarely see any breaks in stereotypical gender roles. Even in action films where the lead is a female, there is always some sort of emotional baggage tied into the movie that makes her seem more “soft.” 
• There were plenty of films where women were presented in stereotypical roles, which we would define as stereotypes that perpetuate gender roles within a male-dominated system. In these roles women are overtly feminine, have weak character, lack confidence, have an identity that is tied to a man or need to be saved by a man.

Project X- 

One example is how women are portrayed in the film Project X. Project X is a “high school” film about three guys who throw a party at one of their houses, a party that is over the top in terms of size, but fits into the typical high school film genre. One of the lead male characters has a friend who is female. They flirt on and off before the party, but want to hook up at the party. Instead, the male character, played by Thomas Mann, ends up with another woman at one point. The girlfriend walks in on them, runs away, only to forgive him later and be by his side after the fallout from the party devastation.

In addition, there are scenes all throughout the film during the party, where some of the high school girls in attendance are topless around and in the pool. This kind of casual hypersexual depiction does not take place with male characters, thus normalizing the objectification of female bodies.

Representation Of Men In The Media

Body Image And Physique


The representation of men in this magazine is a stereotypical representation. As even though his stance is not a supermodel stance but the lighting still shows off his physique.  I think this appeal to men because some men might inspire to be like Ryan Gosling as he is a well respected actor. Also many women might want a guy like this so in this sense it would appeal to men because they maybe single and want a women.

His body image is very farmer like because of the piece of wood in his mouth but his outfit doesn't match his stance. They are in my opinion in two different genres.

His outfit choice is very causal but as the lighting is reflecting off it, it shows his physique. He may not be the most muscular guy but most women don't like a guy just made out of muscle so therefore this mans magazine might appeal to women more but as it is a males magazine it won't of as much.

This magazine represents the man on the front with sexual attractiveness. This is because he has a muscular physique and is emerging from the water with it dripping down his body.

This would appeal to men because men who read "Men's Health" would be people who are interested in getting fit and becoming muscular, maybe like the man in the main image. Men may aspire to be like him and also think that women will find them more attractive if they looked like he does and had the same sort of physique, however the man on the main image himself represents independence. 

He is portraying himself as a confident individual who is contented to be by himself, so this magazine and this image also appeals to those men who want to get fit and healthy for themselves rather than someone else. 

In terms of sexual attractiveness, the man in the main image emerging from the water the way he is has sexual connotations, because he's half-naked and the water would emphasise his body and the producer of this magazine has captured that in the lighting, making him look more chiselled and strong. This would appeal to men because it may make them believe that if they have the same sort of body and become to be fit/healthy, they'll be seen as more sexually attractive, too.

 

Sexual Representation Of Women In The Media

This NME cover is of Lady Gaga portrayed in a sexual way. I know this because of how she is dressed and her stance. The stereotype of a picture like is that women are sexualised and women are sex objects. A picture like this doesn't help the portray of women.

A magazine cover like this wouldn't apply to women but more to mean because it looks like she is an easy target by what she wearing and where her hands are placed. People who are Lady Gaga fans who are women would buy this but if there didn't know who she was they would think something different as like i have said what she is wearing. 

The language that is used is colloquial language. The headline ' I am not full of sh*t are you?' This just shows what type of women she is. A sexual figure and not a good role model for the younger generation. 

Even though this photo is portrayed as a sexual women it does not show she is fragile in anyway and her beauty is distorted with what the outfit she is dressed in. Also the make up that she is wearing is bold and not natural which hides her beauty. This shows that she does not want to be known as herself but something she is made to be. Her facial expression is blank which portrays her more as a sex object than an actual women. 

The outfit she is wearing reflects the headline because of how bold the headline is the outfit matches. This shows what type of person she is but yet again her stance could of been different to make her look so much as a stereotypical sexualised women.

The picture itself could of been shot different to be portrayed in a different light.

Prima magazine is aimed at an older audience and we can tell this because there's the subtitles 'food', 'home' and 'money'/'savings', which show that it's aimed towards an older target audience as they would be the age group that dealt with things like that.

The representation of the woman on the front of the magazine is a normal representation, however there's also an element of the domestic stereotype that's attached to females. The audience can tell this because the magazine boasts about how to "feed your family for £5" and also how to "grow your own veg". Stereotypically, it would be the woman who stayed at home, cooked for the family and cleaned the house, so in this being involved in the magazine it shows that they're transferring that stereotype across as these cover-lines wouldn't appear on a men's magazine.

It appeals to women because although there is this stereotypical element to the magazine cover, it would appeal to women because of how it provides tips and tricks for "cheap & chic fashion" and "budget beauty tips" and a woman who is of older age would maybe be enticed to buy the magazine so that they could continue to look good. The main image of the woman on the front cover is that she just looks like an average, domestic housewife, with natural makeup and normal clothes.

The cover-lines on the magazine are centralised around emotional rather than intellectual dealings which is a typical stereotype of a woman's magazine and the gender itself. This is because women are seen to be more emotional and emotionally insecure than men which is why magazines such as Prima emphasises how to look good and keep the reader's body in shape.

One thing about the magazine is that it doesn't hold the stereotype of women being fragile and dependent on a man or a partner, as there's no cover-lines or anything on the magazine that suggests this - it all points more towards independence and the woman looking good for herself rather than for a man. It shows that the woman has freedom and is handling the home and her money by herself, which conventionally goes against this specific stereotype.



This Vogue magazine is aimed at woman as it is a fashion magazine and has very feminine colours. An image of Lana Del Rey image is used on the cover of the magazine. This shows a normal representation of woman as she is wearing a dress and she is not sexualised. The image looks like she has had work done to herself which represents her as fragile and soft also showing the stereotype that woman need to be taken care of. The magazine appeals to woman as a normal representation is used which allows them to relate to it. Also feminine colours such as pinks are used for the headings. The cover line 'Oh so pretty' does not sexualise but it gives a female representation of beauty. 

Inserts

insert for CD cover 1